Saturday November 4th 1882.
Parish Church of
St. Mary, Birkenhead
This church, of which the late Rev.
Canon Knox was incumbent for upwards of half a century, will be reopened
to-morrow (Sunday), after important alterations and complete restoration. The
Mayor of Birkenhead (Mr. William Laird), accompanied by the members of the Town
Council, will attend in his official capacity, and sermons will be preached
both morning and evening by the Bishop of Sodor and Man.
In carrying out the alterations, the
intention has been to restore the church as far as possible to the form
originally intended by the architect, the late Mr. Rickman; and at the same
time to increase the comfort of the congregation, render the church in every
way suitable for divine worship, and place the parish church of Saint Mary in
the position it ought to occupy as the oldest ad most important church in the
borough. Before describing the character of the alterations, it may be
interesting to give a brief account of the appearance of the church before the
work was commenced. There were three large galleries, occupying the whole of
the north and south transepts and the west end of the church. These much
interfered with the comfort of the congregation sitting beneath, and, reaching
nearly up to the ceiling, the back seats were most incommodious. There was no
centre isle, and all view of the communion table was blocked up by the lofty
old-fashioned “three-decker” arrangement standing in the centre of the church.
The pews were old-fashioned, high, and proportionately uncomfortable. The organ
stood in the western gallery, and as it almost touched the ceiling much of the
sound was lost. The mode of warming the church was very inefficient, and had to
be supplemented by a large stove, the flue from which was doing much mischief. The
church was badly lighted, and there was no proper system of ventilation or
drainage. In consequence of the want of the latter, much of the flooring had
become rotten and dangerous from the rain-water which was allowed to percolate
to the foundations. It is stated in “Gore's Directory” that the church had seat
room for 15,000. This calculation would only give at the utmost a space of 18
inches for each person, being considerably less than the proper amount; indeed,
if the church did really hold that number, it must have been at a very
considerable sacrifice of comfort, particularly on Sunday evenings, when the
gas was lighted. The church as originally designed by the architect had no
galleries in the transepts, and these were subsequently added in consequence of
the rapid increase of the parish. Assuming that the church as originally
designed would accommodate about 1000, it is manifest that to increase that
number by 500 without any addition to the size of the church could only be
effected by a diminution of the cubical contents of air allowed for each
person. The following is a brief description of the most important alterations
that have been made:- The height of the church has been increased by lowering
the floor 15 inches, it being found impracticable to alter the height of the
ceiling. The whole of the galleries to the north and south transepts have been
removed. The space occupied by the staircases and vestibules has been added to
the area of the church; the front of the western gallery has been set back
2ft., the organ removed to a new organ chamber built on the north side of the
chancel, and the seats entirely rearranged. All the pews have been
reconstructed, so as to give greater comfort to the congregation. A centre
aisle has been formed, and the pulpit re-erected at the north-east corner of
the chancel. By this arrangement the preacher is in full view of every seat in
the church. The chancel has been raised 18in. above the floor of the church,
with stalls for the clergy and choir. Vestries for clergy and choir have been
built on the south side of the chancel, and on the north side an organ chamber,
with heating vault underneath, the church being thoroughly warmed by hot air.
The lighting is done partly by four Siemens' patent regenerative gas burners,
supplemented by gas brackets, and the ventilation has been considerably
improved. The passages and aisles are laid with Wharain's patent wood block
flooring; the chancel and baptistery (late vestry) being laid with ornamental
encaustic tile paving; the apse with mosaic tile pavement, the latter being
chiefly made in Liverpool. The windows in the apse and baptistery are filled
with stained glass of an ornamental character. The screen between chancel and
vestry and new windows being also fitted with lead lights. The main contract
for the alterations has been carried out by Mesars. E. Legge, Son, and Co., of
Birkenhead; the tiling and mosaic by Mr. Leadly Brown, of Liverpool; the
stained glass by Mesars, Campbell, Smith and Campbell, of London; the ornamental
glass by Mesars, Forrest and Son, of Liverpool; the whole being carried out
under the superintendence of Mesars, Aldridge and Deacon, architects,
Liverpool. The necessary funds were partly raised by subscription, supplemented
by the munificent liberality of Mr. W. Laird, the mayor of Birkenhead, and the
Laird family. In addition to the foregoing works, extensive repairs are being
done to the structure, and considerable alterations are proposed to be made in
the graveyard in order to render the same more attractive and rescue it from
its present neglected condition, for which funds are much needed.
